jstack简单使用,定位死循环、线程阻塞、死锁等问题

当我们运行java程序时,发现程序不动,但又不知道是哪里出问题时,可以使用JDK自带的jstack工具去定位;

废话不说,直接上例子吧,在window平台上的;

死循环

写个死循环的程序如下:

package concurrency;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        while (true) {

        }
    }
}

先运行以上程序,程序进入死循环;

打开cmd,输入jps命令,jps很简单可以直接显示java进程的pid,如下为7588:

或者输入tasklist,找到javaw.exe的PID,如下为7588:

输入jstack 7588命令,找到跟我们自己代码相关的线程,如下为main线程,处于runnable状态,在main方法的第八行,也就是我们死循环的位置:

Object.wait()情况

写个小程序,调用wait使其中一线程等待,如下:

package concurrency;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

class TestTask implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {

        synchronized (this) {
            try {
                //等待被唤醒
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
        ex.execute(new TestTask());

    }
}

同样我们先找到javaw.exe的PID,再利用jstack分析该PID,很快我们就找到了一个线程处于WAITING状态,在Test.java文件13行处,正是我们调用wait方法的地方,说明该线程目前还没等到notify,如下:

死锁

写个简单的死锁例子,如下:

package concurrency;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

class TestTask implements Runnable {
    private Object obj1;
    private Object obj2;
    private int order;

    public TestTask(int order, Object obj1, Object obj2) {
        this.order = order;
        this.obj1 = obj1;
        this.obj2 = obj2;
    }

    public void test1() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (obj1) {
            //建议线程调取器切换到其它线程运行
            Thread.yield();
            synchronized (obj2) {
                System.out.println("test。。。");
            }

        }
    }
    public void test2() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (obj2) {
            Thread.yield();
            synchronized (obj1) {
                System.out.println("test。。。");
            }

        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        while (true) {
            try {
                if(this.order == 1){
                    this.test1();
                }else{
                    this.test2();
                }
                
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Object obj1 = new Object();
        Object obj2 = new Object();

        ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
        // 起10个线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            int order = i%2==0 ? 1 : 0;
            ex.execute(new TestTask(order, obj1, obj2));
        }

    }
}

同样我们先找到javaw.exe的PID,再利用jstack分析该PID,很快jstack就帮我们找到了死锁的位置,如下所示:

等待IO

写个简单的等待用户输入例子:

package concurrency;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {

        InputStream is = System.in;
        int i = is.read();
        System.out.println("exit。");

    }
}

同样我们先找到javaw.exe的PID,再利用jstack分析该PID,很快jstack就帮我们找到了位置,Test.java文件12行,如下所示:

 

其它

像调用sleep使线程进入睡眠,suspend()暂停线程等就不举例了,都是类似的;

 

发表评论